If partner opens 1♦ South should remember this is Pairs and bid 3NT. Remember the lead is coming round to you.

If partner opens 1NT (Strong) then it is a simple raise to 3NT

Remember Minor Suits are so named because they have Minor Value!

North hasn't got 23 Points so they can't open 2♣ , right?

Wrong!

North has a strong hand and wants to play in at least 4♠ even if South has an absolute bust. There is too strong a chance of ending up in 1♠ unless you open 2♣ .

When South makes a positive response North may as well go straight to 6♠ .