N - 1♦ Your longest suit.

E - Not strong enough to bid

S - Not strong enough to bid 1NT or 2♣ 

W - Perfect hand for doubling (shortage in opposition suit, 3/4 cards in other suits to support partners response and opening values)

N - Values would suggest passing, though some people could consider rebidding the Ds.

E - 2♠ to show 4+♠ s and 8+HCPs. (1♠ would be wrong as this shows <8HCPS)

S - P

W - 3♠  Hand with singleton in opposition suit and good ♠ support suggests bidding game if partner is strong for their original pass (<12HCPs) and 2♠ response.

N - P

E - 4♠ Couldn't be stronger.

E - 1N classic balanced 12-14 HCPs  1NT bid

S - 2♠ you may be nervous overcalling a NT, but the best bid.

W - P

N - Difficult decision for North, bidding any other suit will give a bad result. 2NT might play badly if Souths values are only in ♠ s

S - 1♦ 

W - 1♥ an overcall at the one level shows >8HCPs and 5 + card suit. 2♥ s would show the 6 card ♥ suit, but would show a weaker hand of 5-9 HCPs

N - 1♠  show your 5 card ♠ suit. 

E - 2♥ not quite a good enough hand for 3♥ s. J doubleton of ♦ s and Qxx of ♣ is not a strong holding.

S - Partner has some values so show your longer ♦ s. Compete, particularly not vulnerable.

W - Partner has shown 3+♥ s, so you have 9+♥ s between you. The law of total tricks says you are best to bid to the level of fit, in this case 3.

W - P

N - P not enough points or shape to bid

E - 1♣ 

S - Cannot double to show ♠ s and ♥ s, but can either overcall 1♥ s (which may allow ♠ s to be bid by N) or bid 2♥ s weak and 6+♥ s

W - P

N - 3♥ s showing the 9 cards in ♥ s and bidding to the "law of total tricks"

E - P Difficult to bid, the strength of the 3♥ bid by N

S - P - as shown hand

W - P

N - 1N showing 12-14 HCPs

E - Not quite strong enough to double a 1NT 16-18 HCPs

S - Transfer to ♥ s to show 5+♥ s

W - P

N - 2♥ as asked for partner. With a slightly better hand you could bid 3♥ s which is known as "super accept" that lets partner know you have 4+♥ s and a good hand that may allow partner to bid game.

P-P-P

S - 1♠ Top of 2 5 card suits. (With two four card suits bstart by bidding the lower one).

W - P

N- 4♣ - a splinter bid showing  4+ card trump support, 10-14 HCPs and a singleton in the bid suit. This could allow partner to explore slam if hand fits.

E - P

S - 4♠ Not strong enough. Hand without many Aces is not good for exploring slam.

W - P

N - P Minimum for the splinter bid.

S - P

W - 1♦ 

N - P

E - 1♥ - 4+♥ s

S - P

W - 1NT 15-16HCPs and balanced hand

N - P 

E - 2♠ a fording bid showing 5+♥ s and 4+♠ s

S - P

W - 3♥ s showing 3♥ s

N - P

E - 4♥ (borderline, the K♦ s is probably useful with W's bidding 1♦ 

P - P - P

W - 1♣ intending to bid 2N showing 17-18 and balanced hand

N - P

E - 1♠ 

S - P

W - 2N 17-18 and balanced

N - P

E - 3♠ showing 6+ ♠ s

S - P

W - 4♠s with 2+ card support for ♠ s 

N - Pass, Some people might bid 1♥ as safe rebid of 2♦ to show 5/4 in the two suits. It does not meet the law of 20 for bidding (length of 2 longest suits + HCPs must equal 20 to open bidding).

E - P

S - P some will bid 1♣ or 3♣ , but pass is probably best

W - 1N showing 12-14 balanced. Even with 5♠ s this is probably the best bid.

N - Difficult for North to bid.

P - P

E - 1N 12-14HCPs and balanced

P - P - P no one has a bid to make, South would like to do something but does not have enough HCPs and shape.

S - P

W - P

N - 1♣ (lowest of 2 4 card suits)

E - P

S - 1♠ some may pass here

W - P

N - 2♠ s showing 4+♠ s (very close to bidding 3♠ s as 15HCPs, but shape not great and only one Ace)

E - P

S - Not strong enough to invite in ♠ s (would need 8+HCPs and some shape)

W - P

W - P

N - 1♥ 

E - Double showing opening points, support for other suits and shortage in opposition suit. Not ideal shape as one would prefer 4♠ s. The alternative 2♣ s with only 5♣ s is not great.

S - 2♥ s not ideal as only 3 card support, but often partner will have 5+ as didn't bid a NT

W - Not strong enough to bid

N - Pass or 3♥ . The Qx in ♦ s is not a great holding so err on side of passing.

E - P

E - 1♦ 

S - P

W - 1♠ 

N - P

E - 1N showing 15-16HCPS and balanced hand

S - P

W - P.  Not strong enough to bid 2N to invite 3NT and with balance hand this might be the best contract. The alternative is to bid 2♦ to the safer contract.

N - P

E - 1♥ 

S - P

W - 1♠ 

N - P

E - 2♥  not strong enough to bid 3♥ (but close)

S - P

W - P at least 2 card support

N - P

S - P

E - 1♣ 

N - Double - known as a poser double 17+HCPs to be followed by bidding their suit. 1♠  would only show 8-17HCPs or so.

W - 1♦ show your suit

S - P 

W - 2♣ 

N - 2♠ showing 5+♠ s and 17+HCPs

E - P

S - P, but close to bidding 3♠ due to shape with 3+support and ♣ singleton.

w - P

N - 1♠ 

E - P

S - 2N  balanced 11-12HCPs (care some partners may play this as Jacoby which supports ♠ s and is game forcing)

W - P

N - 3♠ showing 6+♠ s

E - P

S - 4♠ showing 2 card support

P  - P - P

N - 2♥ a good weak 6+♥ s

E - 3♣ good suit and opening hand

S - 4♥ Make it difficult for opponents by bidding to law of total tricks

W - Double to show values and support for unbid suits

N - P

E - 4♥ s made it difficult for East. Choice 5♣ s or leaving the double in for penalties. Both could be the best bid!!

E - P

S - 1♦ 

W - P

N - 1♠ 

E - P

S - 1N 15-16 and balanced

W - P

N - 3♠ forcing as you know about souths balanced hand you could bid 4♠ s directly. Showing strong ♠ s and an unbalanced hand.

E - P

S - 4♠ s 2+♠ s

W - P

N - 4N Standard Blackwood (Roman Keycard better)

E - P

S - 5♦ showing 1 Ace

W - P

N - 6♠ s

Due to opposition having both A and K of ♣ s the contract will go down if they play ♣ s. If N's ♥ suit was ♣ s it would make. Unlucky.

S - 1N 12-14 balanced

E - 2♣ Natural suit (some pairs use conventions here - so be careful)