A difficult hand to get to game.

North, East and South will pass..

West in 4th position (pass out position) with 16HCPs. What suit to open.

Here is the list of the suit bidding principles:

• (a) Open longest suit first.
• (b) With two five card suits open higher ranking first, except with spades and clubs, when you open clubs. 
• (c) With two four card touching suits open higher ranking suit (except spades and clubs as (b) above).
• (d) With two four card non-touching suits open suit below the doubleton.
• (e) With 4-4-4-1 distribution open suit below the singleton except where the singleton is clubs when you open 1H. 

So under (c) West will bid 1♥ 

North will pass as ♦ s are a poor suit.

East with a passed hand is fairly good for a  2♥  response. Drury is a useful tool for a passed hand. Bidding 2♣ says you are maximum for a pass hand and raises are pre-emptive in nature.

Good article on Drury https://www.bridgebum.com/drury.php it is based on 5 card majors where 3 card is support. For Acol players Drury needs 4 card support.

There are two ways of opener responding to the 2♣ bid.2 of the major as a weak opening (the way I play) and 2♦  as a strong opening, but it can be played the other way around. Bids of 3 or 4 of the major are bids to the leval of fit (Andrew Robson on leval of fit) and are pre-emptive in nature. Just agree with your partner.

It is probably a bit weak for a Drury bid so East will bid a simple 2♥ .

West with 16 HCPs will probably try to invite. Either with a simple 3♥ or might try a game try. Again there are many ways to invite game. Here is one https://www.bridgebum.com/help_suit_game_try.php where you ask for help with the suit, with help in that suit East would raise a 2♠ game try to 4♥ .

Over a simple 3♥ bid by West, East will raise to 4♥ as his bid of 2♥ was better than a minimum.

 A difficult early hand.

East will open a 1NT 12-14 balanced.

South will pass.

West will start with a 2♦  transfer to 2♥ 

East has a choice to simply transfer to 2♥ or super adopt, with 3♥ or 3♣ (showing the doubleton). This is a great article on transfers. It referes to the super accept with 4+ card support as this then meets the Law of Total Tricks . you need to agree how to respond with your partner, but common is 2NT to show a 4333 maximum hand and to bid 3 of your doubleton if it is below the trump suit. The simple version of super accept is to bid 3 of the trump suit.

If East super accepts, West will explore for a slam by cue bidding. 

Do you bid only 1st round controls or do you bid 1st and second round controls? Here is a good article on cue bidding.

Using 1st round controls.

West will bid 3♠ (over a 3♥ super accept) 

East will bid 4♦ showing a first round control and denying a ♣ first round control.

West will then bid 4NT  Roman Key Card Blackwood. The reason why 1430 is the better version is in the article.

East will bid 5♣ to show 1 or 4.

West now needs to know about the Q♥ s and asks for the Q by bidding 5♦ . Without the Q East will bid 5♥ which will be passed but here will bid 6♦ to show the Q♥ and the K♦ . Without a King but the Q trumps one would bid 5N.

After this West will put the contract in 6♥ which should make, relying on a of the 2 finesses to succeed.